3 thoughts on “The Three “Ds” Of The Climate Agenda”
We are in an Ice Age, and in the coldest time of that Ice Age.
Ice Ages, and Earth has had 5 of them, has warmer and colder times, or perhaps more specifically, times when there is more ice and less ice. And these periods of more ice, are called glacial periods, and interglacial periods {periods of time between the glacial periods].
One can also characterize these periods as drier and wetter periods, glacial periods are drier, and interglacial periods are wetter.
Anyways we living in an interglacial period, or warmer and wetter as compared to glacial periods, but is not a very warm, wet, and lacking much ice, as other interglacial period in the past or more broadly as compared to the entire known history of Earth.
Most of last billion years on Earth, has not been in a Ice Age.
And our Ice Age is called the Late Cenozoic Ice Age which has been ongoing for last 33.9 million years, and last couple million years, has been the coldest.
A major factor involved in an Ice Age, or also called an Icehouse global climate, is the temperature of Earth’s entire oceans.
The surface of ocean is quite warm, but average temperature of entire ocean is quite cold, it’s about 3.5 C. And most of the time of Late Cenozoic Ice Age this average has been about 5 C or warmer.
The ocean holds a lot of heat, even a ocean with average temperature of 3.5 C, hold vast amount of heat.
But if Earth ocean is around 5 C, it will be in an Ice Age. And a “normal” ocean average temperature is around 10 C.
Or we are going to remain in the Ice Age for millions of years. The only plausible way not to be in Ice Age, “forever”, is humans becoming spacefaring civilization and wanting to change this.
But as spacefaring civilization, we might not consider a glaciation period [which tend to cause extinctions] as a problem to solve- or we could like it.
But we would be capable of changing it.
I would also, note, that most of Earth’s atmosphere is quite cold. The atmosphere has what is called a lapse rate, which average cools about 6.5 C per 1000 meters higher. 1/2 the mass of our atmosphere is at 5 km elevation or higher.
Or most of our atmosphere is colder than our 3.5 C ocean. And a lot of our cloud have ice particles [even in the tropics].
We certainly are in an Icehouse global climate, but even in warmer global climates, the sky has “always” had a lot ice in it.
Now if living at higher colder elevation {say you living in city in the sky] the lower density cold air, feels less cold- because human body cools by convention. A lizard, would feel colder.
Venus above 1 atm pressure is likewise, cold, sky cities on Venus could be quite cool.
And due to lack of air on Mars, Mars is not cold or hot- space has no temperature. Or if in spacesuit, it needs cooling system- whether on Mars or the dark crater sof lunar polar region.
In terms of simple hohmann, if you are in low Earth orbit, it takes about 8.6 months to get to Mars.
We rarely take 8.6 months to get to Mars, and with refueling in Earth’s orbit, Musk wants to get to Mars in 6 months {he is going to hit the Mars atmosphere, quite fast}.
But there is other ways to get to Mars, one could go to Venus and then go to Mars.
With simple hohmann, it takes 4.8 months to get from LEO to Venus, and like Mars, one could get there in less time. If want to hit the Venus atmosphere, hard, 2 months.
In terms of Venus to Mars with simple, it’s 7.2 months- and likewise, can get from Venus to Mars much quicker.
Such things are possible if one re-fuel in a orbit.
A simple hohmann is slowest and least amount of delta-v needed. And least amount delta-v is important because rocket launches were very expensive and it’s hard to get to LEO {and no one is refueling in LEO at the moment}.
Using Venus to get to Mars, would be far more useful if you could refuel at Venus.
And if using simple, from Earth, Venus is slightly less delta-v and faster to get to as compared to Mars. Or cost less to ship rocket fuel to Venus as compared to sending it to Mars from Earth.
But in terms of having Mars exploration and/or Mars settlement, you simply, should use Venus orbit. And there plans to use Venus in terms of flying by from Mars to Earth, or Earth and Venus fly by to get to Mars. But merely flying by Venus, limits the opportunity to use Venus to get to Mars.
Or Earth has window of every 2.1 years. If going to Mars in 6 months, one do that, every 2.1, and you leave different times if going there in 8.6 month, or widen window depending duration of trip, but trips taking 8.6 month occur every 2.1 years. Or going ion engine you leave at different time, but with ion, it’s every 2.1 years. What changing the 2.1 is going somewhere else, like Venus or simply some other point, could be say Mercury and/or could involve various gravity assists. Mercury is shortest distance to Earth in terms of simple hohmann, it’s 104.5 days. Mercury lacks atmosphere and has less of gravity well. But if Venus had rocket fuel depots, Mercury gets more useful. But if Venus rocket fuel depot, it roughly changes the 2.1 year window into about a 1 year window to and back from Mars to Earth.
The private sector of Mars, will have depots in Venus orbit.
We are in an Ice Age, and in the coldest time of that Ice Age.
Ice Ages, and Earth has had 5 of them, has warmer and colder times, or perhaps more specifically, times when there is more ice and less ice. And these periods of more ice, are called glacial periods, and interglacial periods {periods of time between the glacial periods].
One can also characterize these periods as drier and wetter periods, glacial periods are drier, and interglacial periods are wetter.
Anyways we living in an interglacial period, or warmer and wetter as compared to glacial periods, but is not a very warm, wet, and lacking much ice, as other interglacial period in the past or more broadly as compared to the entire known history of Earth.
Most of last billion years on Earth, has not been in a Ice Age.
And our Ice Age is called the Late Cenozoic Ice Age which has been ongoing for last 33.9 million years, and last couple million years, has been the coldest.
A major factor involved in an Ice Age, or also called an Icehouse global climate, is the temperature of Earth’s entire oceans.
The surface of ocean is quite warm, but average temperature of entire ocean is quite cold, it’s about 3.5 C. And most of the time of Late Cenozoic Ice Age this average has been about 5 C or warmer.
The ocean holds a lot of heat, even a ocean with average temperature of 3.5 C, hold vast amount of heat.
But if Earth ocean is around 5 C, it will be in an Ice Age. And a “normal” ocean average temperature is around 10 C.
Or we are going to remain in the Ice Age for millions of years. The only plausible way not to be in Ice Age, “forever”, is humans becoming spacefaring civilization and wanting to change this.
But as spacefaring civilization, we might not consider a glaciation period [which tend to cause extinctions] as a problem to solve- or we could like it.
But we would be capable of changing it.
I would also, note, that most of Earth’s atmosphere is quite cold. The atmosphere has what is called a lapse rate, which average cools about 6.5 C per 1000 meters higher. 1/2 the mass of our atmosphere is at 5 km elevation or higher.
Or most of our atmosphere is colder than our 3.5 C ocean. And a lot of our cloud have ice particles [even in the tropics].
We certainly are in an Icehouse global climate, but even in warmer global climates, the sky has “always” had a lot ice in it.
Now if living at higher colder elevation {say you living in city in the sky] the lower density cold air, feels less cold- because human body cools by convention. A lizard, would feel colder.
Venus above 1 atm pressure is likewise, cold, sky cities on Venus could be quite cool.
And due to lack of air on Mars, Mars is not cold or hot- space has no temperature. Or if in spacesuit, it needs cooling system- whether on Mars or the dark crater sof lunar polar region.
In terms of simple hohmann, if you are in low Earth orbit, it takes about 8.6 months to get to Mars.
We rarely take 8.6 months to get to Mars, and with refueling in Earth’s orbit, Musk wants to get to Mars in 6 months {he is going to hit the Mars atmosphere, quite fast}.
But there is other ways to get to Mars, one could go to Venus and then go to Mars.
With simple hohmann, it takes 4.8 months to get from LEO to Venus, and like Mars, one could get there in less time. If want to hit the Venus atmosphere, hard, 2 months.
In terms of Venus to Mars with simple, it’s 7.2 months- and likewise, can get from Venus to Mars much quicker.
Such things are possible if one re-fuel in a orbit.
A simple hohmann is slowest and least amount of delta-v needed. And least amount delta-v is important because rocket launches were very expensive and it’s hard to get to LEO {and no one is refueling in LEO at the moment}.
Using Venus to get to Mars, would be far more useful if you could refuel at Venus.
And if using simple, from Earth, Venus is slightly less delta-v and faster to get to as compared to Mars. Or cost less to ship rocket fuel to Venus as compared to sending it to Mars from Earth.
But in terms of having Mars exploration and/or Mars settlement, you simply, should use Venus orbit. And there plans to use Venus in terms of flying by from Mars to Earth, or Earth and Venus fly by to get to Mars. But merely flying by Venus, limits the opportunity to use Venus to get to Mars.
Or Earth has window of every 2.1 years. If going to Mars in 6 months, one do that, every 2.1, and you leave different times if going there in 8.6 month, or widen window depending duration of trip, but trips taking 8.6 month occur every 2.1 years. Or going ion engine you leave at different time, but with ion, it’s every 2.1 years. What changing the 2.1 is going somewhere else, like Venus or simply some other point, could be say Mercury and/or could involve various gravity assists. Mercury is shortest distance to Earth in terms of simple hohmann, it’s 104.5 days. Mercury lacks atmosphere and has less of gravity well. But if Venus had rocket fuel depots, Mercury gets more useful. But if Venus rocket fuel depot, it roughly changes the 2.1 year window into about a 1 year window to and back from Mars to Earth.
The private sector of Mars, will have depots in Venus orbit.